If you are able to view your content using FireFox, then the server is probably able to parse the URI - the issue seems to be occuring in the browser (Internet Explorer, correct?).
To check if IIS is indeed having a problem parsing your query string, please try enabling Failed Request Tracing (directions here: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/266/troubleshooting-failed-requests-using-tracing-in-iis-70/). This could tell you what request IIS sees and what module is causing the request to fail (or confirm that IE is the culprit).
If IE is the culprit, on searching the internet for references to this type of error, I ran across two potential solutions:
1. the date/time settings for the client computer are incorrect. Resetting them solves the problem.
2. deleting the cookies (presumably because it reduces the URI length).
It's also possible that if you are not using the most current version of IE (8), upgrading may help - but that's just a guess.